Cortex Phellodendri Extract Berberine

Berberine

Berberine is typically present in Cortex Phellodendri at a concentration of 4-8%. It has been shown to have a wide range of pharmacological effects, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties. The HPLC method is commonly used to detect berberine.

Botanical Source: Cortex Phellodendri

Extract Part: Root and stem bark

Extraction Type: Standardized extract

Extraction Method: Solvent extraction

Extraction Solvent: Ethanol

Detection Method: HPLC

Grade: Pharmaceutical grade

Odor: Odorless

Color: Yellow

Appearance: Powder

CAS Number: 2086-83-1

Molecular Formula: C20H18NO4+

Molecular Weight: 336.36 g/mol

Pharmacological Properties

1. Antimicrobial Properties:

Berberine has been found to have potent antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Studies have shown that berberine can inhibit the growth and replication of several pathogenic microorganisms, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Helicobacter pylori, and Candida albicans. Berberine's antimicrobial activity is thought to be due to its ability to disrupt microbial membranes and inhibit microbial enzymes, among other mechanisms. This property makes berberine a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of various infectious diseases.

2. Anti-inflammatory Properties:

Berberine has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, which may be beneficial for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions, such as arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and asthma. Studies have suggested that berberine can inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and suppress the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B, a transcription factor that plays a key role in the inflammatory response. Berberine's anti-inflammatory effects may also be attributed to its ability to modulate the gut microbiota, which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory disorders.

3. Antidiabetic Properties:

Berberine has been shown to have antidiabetic properties and may be beneficial for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Studies have suggested that berberine can improve insulin sensitivity, increase glucose uptake by skeletal muscle cells, and reduce hepatic glucose output. Berberine has also been found to have lipid-lowering effects, which may contribute to its antidiabetic effects. Berberine's mechanism of action in diabetes is thought to involve activation of the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, which plays a key role in glucose and lipid metabolism.

4. Antitumor Properties:

Berberine has been shown to have antitumor properties and may have potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of cancer. Studies have suggested that berberine can inhibit the proliferation of various cancer cell lines, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, and leukemia. Berberine's antitumor effects may be attributed to its ability to induce apoptosis, inhibit cell cycle progression, and modulate signaling pathways involved in cell growth and survival. Berberine may also have a synergistic effect when used in combination with conventional chemotherapy agents.

5. Cardiovascular Properties:

Berberine has been found to have cardiovascular properties, which may be beneficial for the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Studies have suggested that berberine can reduce blood pressure, improve endothelial function, and inhibit the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Berberine's cardiovascular effects may be due to its ability to modulate lipid metabolism, reduce oxidative stress, and inhibit inflammatory responses in the vascular endothelium.

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